Journal of Medical Ultrasound
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 115-121 , December 2011

Clinical Applications of Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiographic Coronary Flow Reserve Measurements in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery

  • Ming-Jui Hung

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr Ming-Jui Hung, Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 222 Maijin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan.
    • ,
  • Wen-Jin Cherng

Received 29 August 2011 ,Accepted 12 October 2011.

References 

  1. Gould KL, Lipscomb K, Hamilton GW. Physiologic basis for assessing critical coronary stenosis. Instantaneous flow response and regional distribution during coronary hyperemia as measures of coronary flow reserve. Am J Cardiol. 1974;33:87–94
  2. Camici PG, Crea F. Coronary microvascular dysfunction. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:830–840
  3. Crea F, Camici PG, De Caterina R, et al. Chronic ischaemic heart disease. In:  Camm AJ,  Luescher TF,  Surruys PW editor. The ESC textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing; 2006;p. 391–424
  4. Lupi A, Buffon A, Finocchiaro ML, et al. Mechanisms of adenosine-induced epicardial coronary artery dilatation. Eur Heart J. 1997;18:614–617
  5. Kuo L, Chilian WM, Davis MJ. Coronary arteriolar myogenic response is independent of endothelium. Circ Res. 1990;66:860–866
  6. Hozumi T, Yoshida K, Akasaka T, et al. Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity and coronary flow velocity reserve in the left anterior descending coronary artery by Doppler echocardiography: comparison with invasive technique. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1251–1259
  7. Kaufmann PA, Camici PG. Myocardial blood flow measurement by PET: technical aspects and clinical applications [Erratum appears in J Nucl Med. 2005;46:291]. J Nucl Med. 2005;46:75–88
  8. Gibson CM, Cannon CP, Murphy SA, et al. Relationship of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade to mortality after administration of thrombolytic drugs. Circulation. 2000;101:125–130
  9. Hozumi T, Yoshida K, Ogata Y, et al. Noninvasive assessment of significant left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis by coronary flow velocity reserve with transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography. Circulation. 1998;97:1557–1562
  10. Cortigiani L, Rigo F, Gherardi S, et al. Additional prognostic value of coronary flow reserve in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with negative dipyridamole stress echocardiography by wall motion criteria. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:1354–1361
  11. L’Abbate A. Large anSd micro coronary vascular involvement in diabetes. Pharmacol Rep. 2005;57 Suppl:3–9
  12. Galderisi M. Diastolic dysfunction and diabetic cardiomyopathy: evaluation by Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:1548–1551
  13. Rigo F. Coronary flow reserve in stress-echo lab. From pathophysiologic toy to diagnostic tool. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2005;3:8
  14. Vegsundvag J, Holte E, Wiseth R, et al. Coronary flow velocity reserve in the three main coronary arteries assessed with transthoracic Doppler: a comparative study with quantitative coronary angiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24:758–767
  15. Wilson RF, Wyche K, Christensen BV, et al. Effects of adenosine on human coronary arterial circulation. Circulation. 1990;82:1595–1606
  16. Sudhir K, MacGregor JS, Barbant SD, et al. Assessment of coronary conductance and resistance vessel reactivity in response to nitroglycerin, ergonovine and adenosine: in vivo studies with simultaneous intravascular two-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;21:1261–1268
  17. Pizzuto F, Voci P, Mariano E, et al. Assessment of flow velocity reserve by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and venous adenosine infusion before and after left anterior descending coronary artery stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:155–162
  18. Higashiue S, Watanabe H, Yokoi Y, et al. Simple detection of severe coronary stenosis using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography at rest. Am J Cardiol. 2001;87:1064–1068
  19. Daimon M, Watanabe H, Yamagishi H, et al. Physiologic assessment of coronary artery stenosis without stress tests: noninvasive analysis of phasic flow characteristics by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18:949–955
  20. Pizzuto F, Voci P, Mariano E, et al. Noninvasive coronary flow reserve assessed by transthoracic coronary Doppler ultrasound in patients with left anterior descending coronary artery stents. Am J Cardiol. 2003;91:522–526
  21. Ruscazio M, Montisci R, Colonna P, et al. Detection of coronary restenosis after coronary angioplasty by contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiographic Doppler assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:896–903
  22. Djordjevic-Dikic A, Beleslin B, Stepanovic J, et al. Prediction of myocardial functional recovery by noninvasive evaluation of Basal and hyperemic coronary flow in patients with previous myocardial infarction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24:573–581
  23. Ueno Y, Nakamura Y, Kinoshita M, et al. Can coronary flow velocity reserve determined by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography predict the recovery of regional left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction?. Heart. 2002;88:137–141
  24. Colonna P, Cadeddu C, Montisci R, et al. Reduced microvascular and myocardial damage in patients with acute myocardial infarction and preinfarction angina. Am Heart J. 2002;144:796–803
  25. Rigo F, Cortigiani L, Pasanisi E, et al. The additional prognostic value of coronary flow reserve on left anterior descending artery in patients with negative stress echo by wall motion criteria. A Transthoracic Vasodilator Stress Echocardiography Study. Am Heart J. 2006;151:124–130
  26. Sicari R, Rigo F, Gherardi S, et al. The prognostic value of Doppler echocardiographic-derived coronary flow reserve is not affected by concomitant antiischemic therapy at the time of testing. Am Heart J. 2008;156:573–579
  27. Sicari R, Rigo F, Cortigiani L, et al. Additive prognostic value of coronary flow reserve in patients with chest pain syndrome and normal or near-normal coronary arteries. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103:626–631
  28. Lee DH, Youn HJ, Choi YS, et al. Coronary flow reserve is a comprehensive indicator of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with chest pain and normal coronary angioram. Circ J. 2010;74:1405–1414
  29. Asami Y, Yoshida K, Hozumi T, et al. Assessment of coronary flow reserve in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography. J Cardiol. 1998;32:247–252
  30. Hidick-Smith DJ, Shapiro LM. Coronary flow reserve improves after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis: an adenosine transthoracic echocardiography study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:1889–1896
  31. Otsuka R, Watanabe H, Hirata K, et al. Acute effects of passive smoking on the coronary circulation in healthy young adults. JAMA. 2001;286:436–441
  32. Hildick-Smith DJ, Johnson PJ, Wisbey CR, et al. Coronary flow reserve is supranormal in endurance athletes: an adenosine transthoracic echocardiographic study. Heart. 2000;84:383–389
  33. Dimitrow PP, Krzanowski M, Grodecki J, et al. Verapamil improves the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol. 2002;83:239–247
  34. Kawata T, Daimon M, Hasegawa R, et al. Effect of coronary flow velocity reserve in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison between angiotensin-convesrting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. Am Heart J. 2006;151:798.e9–798.e15
  35. Løgstrup BB, Høfsten DE, Christophersen TB, et al. Association between coronary flow reserve, left ventricular systolic function, and myocardial viability in acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:665–670
  36. Cannon RO, Schenke WH, Leon MB, et al. Limited coronary flow reserve after dipyridamole in patients with ergonovine-induced coronary vasoconstriction. Circulation. 1987;75:163–174
  37. Akasaka T, Yoshida K, Hozumi T, et al. Comparison of coronary flow reserve between foal and diffuse vasoconstriction induced by ergonovine in patients with vasospastic angina. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80:705–710
  38. Taria N. Nicorandil as a hybrid between nitrates and potassium channel activators. Am J Cardiol. 1989;63:18J–24J
  39. Yao Z, Gross GJ. Effects of the KATP channel opener bimakalim on coronary blood flow, monophasic action potential duration, and infarct size in dogs. Circulation. 1994;89:1769–1775
  40. Yamagishi M, Miyatake K, Tamai J, et al. Intravascular ultrasound detection of atherosclerosis at the site of focal vasospasm in angiographically normal or minimally narrowed coronary segments. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23:352–357
  41. Bourantas CV, Naka KK, Garg S, et al. Clinical indications for intravascular ultrasound imaging. Echocardiography. 2010;27:1282–1290
  42. Hung MJ. Current advances in the understanding of coronary vasospasm. World J Cardiol. 2010;2:34–42
  43. Takeuchi M, Lodato JA, Furlong KT, et al. Feasibility of measuring coronary flow velocity and reserve in the left anterior descending coronary artery by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography in a relatively obese American population. Echocardiography. 2005;22:225–232
  44. Anantharam B, Janardhanan R, Hayat S, et al. Coronary flow reserve assessed by myocardial contrast echocardiography predicts mortality in patients with heart failure. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011;12:69–75
  45. Cortigiani L, Rigo F, Gherardi S, et al. Prognostic effect of coronary flow reserve in women versus men with chest pain syndrome and normal dipyridamole stress echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106:1703–1708
  46. Mahfouz RA, El Tahlawi MA, Ateya AA, et al. Early detection of silent ischemia and diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic young hypertensive patients. Echocardiography. 2011;28:564–569

PII: S0929-6441(11)00093-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jmu.2011.10.005

Journal of Medical Ultrasound
Volume 19, Issue 4 , Pages 115-121 , December 2011

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution